A good ChatGPT summary of a book I am reading.

“Voice,” “loyalty,” and “exit” are concepts developed by economist Albert Hirschman to describe the ways people respond to dissatisfaction within organizations, systems, or relationships:

1. Exit: When individuals are dissatisfied with a situation, they might choose to leave entirely. In a consumer context, this means switching brands or canceling memberships. In an organizational setting, it could mean resigning from a job. Exit is a powerful response, as it reduces the support or resources the organization receives.
2. Voice: Instead of leaving, individuals can express their concerns or dissatisfaction to influence change. This can take the form of feedback, complaints, or direct advocacy for improvement. Voice allows people to actively seek improvements and solutions within the organization or system.
3. Loyalty: This concept explains why people might stay and avoid both exit and voice. Loyalty can act as a buffer, encouraging individuals to remain committed even in the face of dissatisfaction, with the hope or belief that things will improve over time. Loyalty can delay exit and influence the use of voice, as loyal members are often more willing to give feedback and suggest improvements rather than leaving.

Together, these responses form a model of how individuals engage with systems they are dissatisfied with, balancing their likelihood to leave, speak up, or stay quiet depending on factors like loyalty, attachment, and belief in the organization’s potential for change.