It’s pretty obvious when you cut everything down to the abstract core, Bitcoin is a state like any other in that it has an ordering by rules. Whether it is a ‘real’ state depends on its ‘citizenry’ to believe in this ordering by rules enough to effect real action on others.

Nation states as we know them today are an invention of the Westphalian Treaty, when everyone, exhausted by war, realized that there had to be a better way. That’s where national sovereignty was invented. Now we are entering in a new phase where digital sovereignty has been invented, but the existing state infrastructure doesn’t know how to deal with it and is reacting in the only way it knows - war. This needs to be countered in a hopefully peaceful and constructive way. That’s the challenge forward.